pragma solidity ^0.8.17;

contract CryptoCTF10 {
  enum PlayerStatus {
    Unverified,
    Verified,
    Banned
  }

  struct Player {
    PlayerStatus status;
    uint score;
  }

  modifier onlyExistingContest(uint contestID) {
    require(contests[contestID].admin != address(0), "Unknown contest ID");
    _;
  }

  modifier onlyAdmin(uint contestID) {
    require(msg.sender == contests[contestID].admin, "You are not the admin of this contest");
    _;
  }

  modifier onlyOpen(uint contestID) {
    require(block.timestamp < contests[contestID].deadline, "Submissions are not open for this contest at this time");
    _;
  }

  modifier onlyExistingChallenge(uint contestID, uint challengeID) {
    require(contests[contestID].challenges[challengeID].obscuredFlag != address(0), "Unknown challenge ID");
    _;
  }

  struct Challenge {
    address obscuredFlag; // essentially the public key of the flag, the flag being a private key
    uint worth;
    uint256 descriptionFingerprint;
    bool onlyFirstSolver;
    string skill;
  }

  struct Contest {
    address admin;
    mapping (uint => Challenge) challenges;
    mapping (address => Player) players;
    uint256 deadline;
    mapping (address => mapping (uint => bool)) solves; // address -> challengeID -> solved/not
    mapping (uint => bool) anySolves; // challengeID -> solved/not
    string password;
  }

  mapping (uint => Contest) public contests;

  event ChallengeAddedOrUpdated(uint contestID, uint indexed challengeID);
  event ChallengeSolved(uint contestID, uint indexed challengeID, address indexed solver);

  function createContest(uint contestID, string memory password) external {
    require(contests[contestID].admin == address(0), "This contest ID has already been registered");
    contests[contestID].admin = msg.sender;
    contests[contestID].password = password;
  }

  function setAdmin(uint contestID, address newAdmin) external onlyExistingContest(contestID) onlyAdmin(contestID) {
    require(newAdmin != address(0));
    contests[contestID].admin = newAdmin;
  }

  function setContestDeadline(uint contestID, uint256 deadline) external onlyExistingContest(contestID) onlyAdmin(contestID) {
    contests[contestID].deadline = deadline;
  }

  function addOrUpdateChallenge(uint contestID, uint challengeID, address obscuredFlag, uint worth, uint256 descriptionFingerprint, bool onlyFirstSolver, string memory skill) external onlyExistingContest(contestID) onlyAdmin(contestID) {
    require(obscuredFlag != address(0), "The obscured flag value must not be 0");
    contests[contestID].challenges[challengeID] = Challenge(obscuredFlag, worth, descriptionFingerprint, onlyFirstSolver, skill);
    emit ChallengeAddedOrUpdated(contestID, challengeID);
  }

  function register(uint contestID, string memory password) external onlyExistingContest(contestID) {
    require(contests[contestID].players[msg.sender].status == PlayerStatus.Unverified, "You are already registered or banned in this contest");
    require(keccak256(abi.encodePacked(password)) == keccak256(abi.encodePacked(contests[contestID].password)), "Wrong password");
    contests[contestID].players[msg.sender].status = PlayerStatus.Verified;
  }

  function setPlayerStatus(uint contestID, address player, PlayerStatus status) external onlyExistingContest(contestID) onlyAdmin(contestID) {
    contests[contestID].players[player].status = status;
  }

  function submitFlag(uint contestID, uint challengeID, bytes memory signature) external onlyExistingContest(contestID) onlyExistingChallenge(contestID, challengeID) onlyOpen(contestID) {
    require(contests[contestID].players[msg.sender].status == PlayerStatus.Verified, "You are unverified or banned in this contest");
    // the correct signature is an ECDSA signature where (1) the message (hash) is the sender address and (2) the private key is the flag;
    // (2) is checked by testing against the public key, which can then be public information
    address recoveredSigner = recoverSigner(bytes32(uint256(uint160(msg.sender))), signature);
    require(recoveredSigner != address(0), "Invalid signature");
    require(recoveredSigner == contests[contestID].challenges[challengeID].obscuredFlag, "Wrong answer");
    require(!contests[contestID].solves[msg.sender][challengeID], "You have already solved this challenge of this contest");

    if (!contests[contestID].anySolves[challengeID] || !contests[contestID].challenges[challengeID].onlyFirstSolver) {
      contests[contestID].players[msg.sender].score += contests[contestID].challenges[challengeID].worth;
    }
    contests[contestID].solves[msg.sender][challengeID] = true;
    contests[contestID].anySolves[challengeID] = true;

    emit ChallengeSolved(contestID, challengeID, msg.sender);
  }

  function recoverSigner(bytes32 messageHash, bytes memory signature) public pure returns (address) {
    (bytes32 r, bytes32 s, uint8 v) = splitSignature(signature);
    return ecrecover(messageHash, v, r, s);
  }

  function splitSignature(bytes memory sig) public pure returns (bytes32 r, bytes32 s, uint8 v) {
    require(sig.length == 65, "Invalid signature length");
    assembly {
      r := mload(add(sig, 32))
      s := mload(add(sig, 64))
      v := byte(0, mload(add(sig, 96)))
    }
  }

  function getContestDeadline(uint contestID) external view onlyExistingContest(contestID) returns (uint256) {
    return contests[contestID].deadline;
  }

  function getPlayerStatus(uint contestID, address player) external view onlyExistingContest(contestID) returns (PlayerStatus) {
    return contests[contestID].players[player].status;
  }

  function getPlayerScore(uint contestID, address player) external view onlyExistingContest(contestID) returns (uint) {
    return contests[contestID].players[player].score;
  }
}